Everything You Should Know About Psychiatric Nursing (2024)

Everything You Should Know About Psychiatric Nursing (1)

Psychiatric nursing is unlike any other kind of nursing. You cannot fix depression like you fix a broken leg, and the rest, ice, elevation and compression method isn’t going to do much for recurring panic attacks. But as a psychiatric nurse, you can offer the understanding and empathy a patient needs to begin healing.

Mental illness is arguably one of the most challenging illnesses to treat. It’s tough to detect for many and while attitudes are shifting, some still attach a stigma to seeking treatment. Add in the fact that there is not always a clear, uniform path to recovery, and it’s easy to see how psychiatric nursing can bring some unique challenges—and rewarding moments.

In this article, we’ll dive into the details of psychiatric nursing. This includes a look at the different roles within psychiatric nursing, what their duties are, where they work, the types of illnesses they commonly treat and which skills are essential in order to thrive in this nursing specialization.

Types of psychiatric nursing roles

If you’re interested in working in a psychiatric nursing unit, you should know that there are two primary paths:

  1. Working as a psychiatric registered nurse (RN)
  2. Working in advanced roles like psychiatric nurse practitioner or psychiatric / mental health advanced practice registered nurses (APRN)

Becoming a psychiatric registered nurse

In order to become a psychiatric registered nurse, you will first need to earn either an Associate’s degree in Nursing (ADN) or a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN). From there you’ll need to pass the NCLEX-RN licensure examination to become a registered nurse (RN). It should be noted that while both degrees are viable options for becoming an RN, some employers may strongly prefer candidates with a bachelor’s degree or have the expectation that you complete a bachelor’s degree within a certain number of years after being hired. If you’re set on becoming a psychiatric nurse, you may want to ask employers in your area about their preferences.

Looking for more information? Check out “ADN vs. BSN: Your Guide to Help You Decide on a Nursing Degree.”

Once you’ve passed your licensure examination, you’ll likely want to spend some time building nursing experience before applying to psychiatric nursing roles. That said, it’s not unheard of to find one of these positions available to new graduates.

Though it is possible to work in psychiatry without certification, you may want to pursue certification in psychiatric-mental health nursing.The American Nurses Credentialing Center(ANCC) offers a certification exam to those who have:

  • An active RN license
  • Practiced two years full time as a registered nurse
  • A minimum of 2,000 hours of clinical practice in psychiatric nursing
  • Completed 30 hours of education in psychiatric-mental health nursing

Advanced practice and postgraduate psychiatric nursing

Advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) and nurse practitioners (NPs) both have expanded scopes of practice when compared to psychiatric RNs. While some psychiatric RNs may want to go more general in their practice and become a Family NP, others may want to dive even deeper into the world of mental health as a psychiatric-mental health NP (PMHNP). That said, things get a little more complicated at this level and the best route for you will depend heavily on the state in which you wish to practice—currently state laws are not uniform regarding scope of practice, education and licensure requirements.

That being said, as with psychiatric registered nursing, you will first need to obtain your RN license. Because the next step is graduate school, aBachelor’s degree programis the ideal first step—though there are options likeaccelerated BSN programsif you have an unrelated Bachelor’s degree orRN-to-BSN programsfor ADN-RNs looking to make the jump.

Once you complete your bachelor’s-level registered nursing education, you will most likely want to spend time working in a psychiatric registered nursing (or closely related) role as many graduate nursing programs will require this for admission. Once you’ve gained acceptance to a PMHNP program and completed your program, you’ll need to complete a certification exam and pursue licensure as your state requires it. It should be noted that some employers may require nurse practitioners to complete a doctorate of nursing practice (DNP) as well.

What are some common psychiatric nursing duties?

Depending on which path you choose, yourdutieswill vary. As a psychiatric nurse, you can expect to meet with patients to discuss and note symptoms, implement care plans, administer medications, update patient charts, assist in basic needs, facilitate group therapy projects and more.

As a psychiatric nurse practitioner or APRN psychiatric nurse, you will be more involved in the process of diagnosing, creating treatment plans and offering psychotherapy. Insome states, APRN and NP psychiatric nurses may be allowed to prescribe medication.

Where do psychiatric nurses work?

As with other medical professions, your options includeinpatient and outpatient care. Inpatient care refers to places where a patient is admitted such as a hospital or psychiatric facility. Outpatient care typically refers to patients seen in their own homes or local clinics. While psychiatric registered nurses and advanced practice psychiatric nurses can work in both settings, advanced practice psychiatric nurses are typically moreindependentand are able to work with a wider variety of patients on their own, making outpatient care a more common option.

What conditions do psychiatric nurses treat?

Psychiatric nurses will work with patients with a wide variety of disorders and mental illnesses with symptoms that may manifest in surprising ways. Here are a few common areas psychiatric nurses encounter regularly in their work.

  • Mood disorders:Depressionandbipolar disorderare two of the most common mood disorders. People with this type of illness may experience extreme feelings of apathy, worthlessness, emptiness, fatigue and sadness. In the case of bipolar disorder, they may also experience cases of extreme mania, not sleeping for days and losing the ability to think clearly.
  • Psychotic disorders:People experiencingpsychosismay have auditory and visual hallucinations that can range from strange to serious. This includes patients with schizophrenia and substance-induced psychotic disorders.
  • Dementia disorders:Dementiarefers to the general loss of mental abilities such as memory, processing and language. Alzheimer’s is a common form of this disease and occurs most often in geriatric populations. As a result, many patients with this disease will have other physical needs and disabilities to care for.
  • Eating disorders:Though these disorders cause significant physical issues, they are primarily a mental illness. People with these diagnoses often have an unrealistic view of their self-image, resulting in dangerously unhealthy behavior. Common eating disorders include anorexia, bulimia and binge eating disorder. Often these disorders go hand in hand with other mental health issues.
  • Addiction disorders:Addiction to drugs, alcohol or certain behaviors can cause several other mental health issues, including psychosis and depression. There aremany layersto treating this type of disorder, including symptoms (both physical and psychological), withdrawal and the initial causes of the addiction.

What skills make for a good psychiatric nurse?

  • Communication:As a psychiatric nurse, you will have to practice active listening a lot. In order to feel validated and safe, most patients just need to feelheard. This can be a difficult skill to master when what a patient is saying does not line up with reality. If they are hallucinating or spiraling, you must be able to find out exactly what they are thinking in order to help them cope. This requires keen attention, interpretation and overall good communication skills.
  • Observation:Psychiatric nursing can sometimes feel like an unpredictable storm. One moment, a patient seems OK—maybe even like they’re improving. The next moment, they need to be restrained from hurting themselves or others. While not all patients will be at risk for violence, it is important to stay observant. If you can learn to read people for subtle signs of distress, you may be able to help them before the situation escalates.
  • Self-care:In order to care for others, you must be able to care for yourself. Nursing can be physically and emotionally taxing—and that’s especially true for psychiatric nurses. When it comes to doing this job effectively long-term, it is important to stay both mentally and physically healthy.

Be a light in the dark

Psychiatric nursing can be a difficult career. Not every patient will get better, and some days will be chaotic. But pursuing psychiatric nursing could also be one of the most rewarding decisions you’ll ever make.

If you’d like to take the first step toward a psychiatric nursing career, visit theRasmussen University School of Nursing page. Interested in exploring other nursing options? Start with our article “Top 25 Types of Nurses Employers Are Looking to Hire.”

Everything You Should Know About Psychiatric Nursing (2024)

FAQs

What are the basic principles of psychiatric nursing? ›

Those principles are: 1) Patient should be accepted exactly as he is 2) Self-understanding should be used as a therapeutic tool. 3) Consistency is used to contribute patient security 4) Reassurance must be given in a suitable and acceptable manner.

What do psychiatric nurses do? ›

Mental health nurses work in a variety of settings and support and treat people who have been diagnosed with a mental illness. Just like in physical health, nurses can promote mental health by building good relationships with patients, encouraging healthy behaviours, and recognising and treating symptoms early.

Is mental health nursing hard? ›

The job also provides stimulation and variety each and every day. It is important to note though, that working as a nurse in the mental health field is a highly challenging job. The needs of the people you are caring for are likely to be high, and extremely individualised - so you always have to be focused.

What are the 5 psychiatric emergencies? ›

The most prevalent emergency situations are severe self-neglect, self-harm, suicidal behavior, depressive or manic episodes, aggressive psychom*otor agitation, severely impaired judgment, intoxication, or withdrawal from psychoactive substances (13, 14).

What challenges do psychiatric nurses face? ›

6.3. Common challenges faced in psychiatric nursing practice
StatementAgreeDis agree
1. Patients deny mental illness95.7%2.3%
2. Exposure to patients' unpredictable behaviour95.2%2.5%
3. Increased levels of aggression and violence88.6%8.6%
4. Patients refuse medication88.3%5.1%
7 more rows

What are the 3 most important skills for a psychiatric technician? ›

Important Qualities
  • Compassion. Because psychiatric technicians and aides spend much of their time interacting with patients, they should be caring and want to help people.
  • Interpersonal skills. ...
  • Observational skills. ...
  • Patience. ...
  • Physical stamina.
4 Oct 2022

Are psychiatric nurses stressful? ›

Nurses working in a psychiatric setting have a higher level of work stress compared to nurses working in a general hospital (20) and are therefore at higher risk for the symptoms derived from work stress.

How can I be a better psychiatric nurse? ›

Tips for New Mental Health Nurses
  1. Take Command of Your Emotions. You're going to hear and see patients say and do some of the most outrageous things you're probably ever going to hear in your life. ...
  2. Master Therapeutic Communication. ...
  3. Know When to Tag-in or Tag-out. ...
  4. Understand that Good Teamwork is a Must.

What do psychiatric nurses wear? ›

Most of the nurses wear scrubs, while most of the techs wear casual clothing.

Where do most psychiatric nurses work? ›

Some of the most common clinical settings where psychiatric nurses work include hospitals, outpatient clinics, and private practices.

Can a psychiatric nurse diagnose you? ›

Psychiatric nurse practitioners can diagnose and treat all psychiatric, emotional, and behavioral disorders, including bipolar disorder, substance abuse, anxiety, and depression. Nurse practitioners can work autonomously and can do the same things in appointments with patients as psychiatrists.

What is the biggest risk mental health nurse? ›

The biggest risk in mental health nursing is a lack of education and training that could lead to errors in judgment and care. A nurse can make a mistake with treatment or medication, which could cause harm to the patient.

What is the most stressful type of nursing? ›

The most stressful nursing jobs include ICU nurse, ER nurse, and NICU nurse. In these roles, nurses work in an intense environment with high stakes. They manage emergency situations and care for critically ill patients. Other stressful nursing jobs include OR nursing, oncology nursing, and psychiatric nursing.

What is a 5150 report? ›

5150 is the number of the section of the Welfare and Institutions Code, which allows an adult who is experiencing a mental health crisis to be involuntarily detained for a 72- hour psychiatric hospitalization when evaluated to be a danger to others, or to himself or herself, or gravely disabled.

What are the 10 common warning signs of a mental health crisis? ›

10 Warning Signs of Mental Health Distress:
  • Feeling very sad, withdrawn or unmotivated (for more than two weeks)
  • Planning to or trying to harm or kill oneself.
  • Out-of-control or risk-taking behaviors.
  • Overwhelming fear with a racing heart or fast breathing.
  • Sudden weight gain/loss or loss of appetite.
  • Severe mood swings.
24 May 2022

Why is psychiatric nursing so hard? ›

Another key reason mental health nursing is so challenging is the sheer amount of medications and side effects you must know. Until you use these medications regularly and see how they work for a variety of conditions and patients, you'll unfortunately have to rely on a lot of memorization.

What is the most common psychiatric issue? ›

In the United States general population, the most common psychiatric disorders are anxiety disorders. According to European data, mood and anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric diagnoses in the general population and share approximately equal prevalence rates.

How do you deal with a difficult psychiatric patient? ›

Let the Patient Explain Their Feelings

They lash out because they feel as though their needs are not being met, so ignoring their bad behavior might make the situation worse. Ask the patient why they're upset, and do your best to give them logical answers to make them feel at ease.

What are the 3 important mental health traits? ›

emotional stability: feeling calm and able to manage emotions. resilience: the ability to cope with the stresses of daily life. optimism: feeling positive about your life and future. self-esteem: feeling positive about yourself.

What knowledge do you need to be a psychiatrist? ›

To become a psychiatrist, a student must complete four years of college, four years of medical school, and three or more years of internship and residency. Yet, medical knowledge is just one of the skills a good psychiatrist needs.

Is being a psych nurse worth it? ›

Psychiatric nursing is demanding, in some ways it is more demanding than general practice nursing, but many nurses find it to be the ideal career for their qualifications and interests. It can be a financially rewarding nursing specialty as well.

Is psych nursing fast paced? ›

Experience, Skills, and Personality Traits

Psychiatric nurses should like working in a fast-paced environment that requires lifelong learning.

Do psych nurses do IVs? ›

As a psychiatric nurse, do you ever have to start IVs or work with patients who have IVs? No. None of the patients have IV's, nor do we insert them. The few patients that go to ECT get an IV placed there and taken out before they return to the unit.

What does a mental health nurse do in a day? ›

Some of the tasks you may be expected to do on a daily basis include: Assess patients by discussing their mental health conditions with them. Provide treatment to patients and ensure medications are correctly administered. Work to understand the source of patients' disorders.

How many hours do mental health nurses do? ›

Your standard working week will be around 37.5 hours on shift pattern which can include nights, early starts, evenings, weekends and bank holidays.

How long does it take to train as a mental health nurse? ›

Full-time courses usually take 3 years.

Do psych nurses use stethoscopes? ›

Yes, I do. I'm on a geri-psych unit and we get enough dressing changes, IV's and whatnot that carrying scissors and alcohol wipes is justified. I bring my own stethoscope and cuff because of all our old folks being on so many cardiac meds or because I sometimes have to listen to some lungs.

Do psych nurses need stethoscopes? ›

Nurses who work among patients with mental disorders are more concerned about the psychiatric issues of the patients than their vital body signs. Do nurses use stethoscopes in a mental hospital? They are not required to use a stethoscope as long as they are giving their services to patients with mental health issues.

What colors are used in mental hospitals? ›

An article in Scientific American discusses the “color cure,” which was first used in a mental asylum at a place called Wards Island in an attempt to cure mental illnesses like depression or melancholy (in bright, red rooms), violent behavior (with calming blue or green), insanity (using purple rooms), or mania (with ...

Do mental health nurses do injections? ›

ensure the correct administration of medication, including injections, and monitor the results of treatment. respond to distressed patients in a non-threatening manner and attempt to understand the source of their discomfort. help patients manage their emotions through de-escalation techniques.

What is the difference between a psychiatric nurse and a psychiatric nurse practitioner? ›

Psych NPs are certified advanced practice professionals with at least a Master's degree (and sometimes a Doctorate) who are experts in determining diagnoses and ordering treatments accordingly. Dr. Veronica Doran emphasizes an important difference between NPs and RNs: “Psych NPs need a broader range of knowledge.

Who was first psychiatric nurse? ›

Linda Richards considered as first psychiatric nurse.

Do psych nurses get hurt? ›

In a sample of 110 nurses from five institutions, 80% of the nurses were assaulted, 65% had been injured and 26% had been seriously injured.

Do mental health nurses take blood? ›

And psych nurses can also do procedures such as removing sutures, giving injections, taking bloods, looking after intravenous drips and naso-gastric tubes, Basically the whole load of techniques that any nurse would have to do.

Why is psychiatric nursing important? ›

They actively work to break the stigma associated with mental health care and treatment. PMH nurses assist patients with daily activities, manage medication and treatment plans, observe patient progress, consult with psychiatrists and other health professionals, and offer support to patients and their families.

Which mental illness carries the highest death rate? ›

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a common eating disorder with the highest mortality rate of all psychiatric diseases.

What is the number one mental illness? ›

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health concern in the United States. Over 40 million adults in the U.S. (19.1%) have an anxiety disorder. Meanwhile, approximately 7% of children aged 3-17 experience issues with anxiety each year. Most people develop symptoms before age 21.

What are the 7 risk factors for mental health? ›

Examples of risk factors include:
  • genetic predisposition.
  • homelessness and unemployment.
  • alcohol and other drug use.
  • discrimination and racial injustice.
  • family conflict or family disorganisation.
  • stressful life events.

Who are the happiest nurses? ›

Let's take a look at some nursing specialties where nurses report being happiest.
  • School Nurse. ...
  • Labor and Delivery Nurse. ...
  • Case Management Nurse. ...
  • Nurse Educator. ...
  • Parish Nurse. ...
  • Travel Nurse.
26 Aug 2022

What is the richest type of nurse? ›

Highest Paid Nursing Jobs:
  • Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist – $202,000.
  • Nursing Administrator – $120,000.
  • Neonatal Intensive Care Nurse – $120,000.
  • General Nurse Practitioner – $118,000.
  • Critical Care Nurse – $118,000.
  • Certified Nurse Midwife – $114,000.
  • Informatics Nurse – $102,000.
  • Clinical Nurse Specialist – $95,000.
5 Sept 2022

What's the easiest nurse to become? ›

An LPN or LVN program usually takes around a year to complete, according to the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). What makes an LPN or LVN preparation program the easiest type of nursing education you can pursue is its focus on training for basic nursing services only and its quick completion time.

What type of nurse is the least stressful? ›

The 10 Least Stressful Nursing Jobs This Year (2022)
  • Nurse Educators. ...
  • Institutional Nurses. ...
  • Research Nurses. ...
  • Public Health Nurses. ...
  • Occupational Health Nurses. ...
  • Case Management Nurses. ...
  • Home Health Nurses. ...
  • Clinic Nurses.
6 Jul 2022

What is it like being a psychiatric nurse? ›

You will probably have two rounds of medications, caring for some 10 patients. You will have charts to monitor, assessments to make, and new patients to admit. Avoiding being overwhelmed by the paperwork, you have to keep the patients as a priority.

What is the hardest nurse specialty? ›

Most Stressful Nursing Positions
  • Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nurses. ICU is an extremely high-pressure environment and these nurses work with patients who have significant injuries and disease with added morbidity risks. ...
  • Emergency Department nurses. ...
  • Neonatal ICU. ...
  • OR nursing. ...
  • Oncology Nursing. ...
  • Psychiatric Nursing.
27 Jan 2021

What are the 5 basic principles? ›

Match
  • Popular sovereignty.
  • Limited government.
  • Separation of powers.
  • Checks and balances.
  • Federalism.

What are the 5 principles of nursing? ›

The American Nurses Association (ANA) and other nursing leadership organizations outline these basic principles as a baseline for ethical nursing practice:
  • Benevolence. ...
  • Nonmaleficence. ...
  • Fidelity. ...
  • Accountability. ...
  • Veracity. ...
  • Patient autonomy.
5 Jun 2020

What are the 7 principles of ethics in nursing? ›

The ethical principles that nurses must adhere to are the principles of justice, beneficence, nonmaleficence, accountability, fidelity, autonomy, and veracity.

What are the 5 principles of the mental health Act? ›

The guiding principles
  • Least restrictive option and maximising independence.
  • Empowerment and involvement.
  • Respect and dignity.
  • Purpose and effectiveness.
  • Efficiency and equity.

What are the 4 moral principles? ›

The Fundamental Principles of Ethics. Beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice constitute the 4 principles of ethics. The first 2 can be traced back to the time of Hippocrates “to help and do no harm,” while the latter 2 evolved later.

What are the 3 important principles? ›

The three principles are often translated into and summarized as nationalism, democracy, and the livelihood of the people.

What are the 8 moral principles? ›

This analysis focuses on whether and how the statements in these eight codes specify core moral norms (Autonomy, Beneficence, Non-Maleficence, and Justice), core behavioral norms (Veracity, Privacy, Confidentiality, and Fidelity), and other norms that are empirically derived from the code statements.

What is the golden rule in nursing? ›

Be yourself.” “It may not sound specific to nursing, but it's important,” she explains. Her next tip: “Do the best job that you can—all the time—and not just when people are watching.” Finally, “Treat your patients like you would want to be treated.” Mindy approaches every patient with this golden rule.

What are the 9 code of ethics for nurses? ›

In nursing, moral virtues are habits that confirm and promote the values of well-being, health, human dignity, respect, and autonomy.
...
The following are brief descriptions of each of the ethical principles.
  • Beneficence: ...
  • Nonmaleficence: ...
  • Justice: ...
  • Accountability: ...
  • Autonomy: ...
  • Fidelity: ...
  • Veracity:

What are the 9 essentials of nursing? ›

The nine essentials are liberal education, basic organizational and systems leadership for quality care and patient safety, scholarship for evidence based practice, information management, health care policy, interprofessional communication and collaboration, clinical prevention, professionalism and baccalaureate ...

What are the 5 pillars of ethics? ›

Reviewing these ethical principles which are at the foundation of the guidelines often helps to clarify the issues involved in a given situation. The five principles, autonomy, justice, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and fidelity are each absolute truths in and of themselves.

What is the 3 month rule in mental health? ›

You can be treated against your will for 3 months. After 3 months, staff can only treat you without your consent if a 'second opinion approved doctor' (SOAD) approves the treatment. If you are unhappy about your treatment, you should talk to your responsible clinician.

What are the 3 rules of mental health? ›

These are the “Three Rules” that influence the thinking, choices and behaviors of those who live with mental health issues, substance misuse and addiction. The rules are: “Don't talk,” “Don't trust,” and Don't feel.”

What are the 6 concepts of mental health? ›

The Ryff Scale is based on six factors: autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. Higher total scores indicate higher psychological well-being.

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